After all the talk of using state-of-the-art air conditioning to cool stadiums at the 2022 World Cup in Qatar, the architect in charge of one of the venues has claimed a more old-fashioned solution would be cheaper and better.
Leading firm Populous, which is designing the Sports City stadium in Doha, is trying to persuade Qatari organizers to scrap plans to have air conditioning at the venue.
Populous director John Barrow said the system is too expensive and 'notoriously unsustainable' for the environment when used on a large scale.
'I think you can be more clever,' he added. 'It is about air movement, moisture in the air and it is about temperature at the right time of day. 'If we get it right... that is the way ahead.'
Air-conditioned stadiums to beat 50-degree desert heat in June were a defining theme of Qatar's winning bid last year.
Qatar hired Populous to help its campaign, drawing on the firm's experience in building signature projects such as the new Yankee Stadium, London's 2012 Olympic Stadium and Arsenal's Emirates arena.
The firm built a small prototype of an air-conditioned stadium in Doha to help persuade a FIFA inspection team that the tiny nation's ambitious World Cup project could succeed.
However, Barrow now believes the planned Sports City arena can be kept cool by shading seats and using traditional Arabic methods for ventilation.
'We are doing away with all the air conditioning kit that is going to cost a fortune to run,' Barrow said.
Instead, he is proposing wind towers that suck up hot air to create fan-like air movement inside the 47,000-capacity stadium.
'It is part of the building tradition in the Gulf to create wind towers which naturally ventilate. If you have got an air movement which keeps you cool like a fan that makes all the difference.'
Qatar promised FIFA that its 12 World Cup stadiums could be regulated at around 26 degrees.
Now, Barrow says spectators could be kept comfortable at 30 degrees (86 Fahrenheit) with low humidity during evening matches.
'It doesn't need to be 26 degrees. Fan expectation needs to be a little more relaxed,' he said.
Seating areas also need to be kept in shade during searing daytime temperatures, instead of allowing stadiums to 'suck in' heat that is retained after dark.
'Suddenly you are sitting on a radiator. It is totally counter productive,' Barrow said. 'The objective for me is to keep the (stadium) bowl sun-screened during the day, with natural ventilation and also encouraging a vortex by using all kinds of clever tricks.'
Qatar is likely to be challenged on heat issues until the scheduled kick-off in June 2022. The organizing committee must approach FIFA if it wants to switch to midwinter dates but officials have said there is no plan to change.
Ghana forward Asamoah Gyan, who has played for United Arab Emirates club Al Ain since September, predicted that the 'climate for the World Cup is going to be really, really difficult.
Gyan said: 'They are putting air conditioning in the stadiums and I think maybe it can help the football there because without that I don't think people can survive because it's really, really hot.
However, Barrow compared the Doha climate with Houston, Texas, where Populous has built air-conditioned stadiums for baseball and American football.
'But it is an immensely expensive thing to do,' he cautioned.
Barrow said Populous is 'actively engaged' in conversations with the Qatari government about its World Cup strategy.
He added: 'They are strongly of the opinion that they need to build now so that they can demonstrate their commitment, but in fact they have got loads of time. There is still a long way until 2022.'
Read more: here
Leading firm Populous, which is designing the Sports City stadium in Doha, is trying to persuade Qatari organizers to scrap plans to have air conditioning at the venue.
Populous director John Barrow said the system is too expensive and 'notoriously unsustainable' for the environment when used on a large scale.
Bright ideas: The Qatari bid presented several state-of-the-art designs
Air-conditioned stadiums to beat 50-degree desert heat in June were a defining theme of Qatar's winning bid last year.
Qatar hired Populous to help its campaign, drawing on the firm's experience in building signature projects such as the new Yankee Stadium, London's 2012 Olympic Stadium and Arsenal's Emirates arena.
The firm built a small prototype of an air-conditioned stadium in Doha to help persuade a FIFA inspection team that the tiny nation's ambitious World Cup project could succeed.
However, Barrow now believes the planned Sports City arena can be kept cool by shading seats and using traditional Arabic methods for ventilation.
'We are doing away with all the air conditioning kit that is going to cost a fortune to run,' Barrow said.
Instead, he is proposing wind towers that suck up hot air to create fan-like air movement inside the 47,000-capacity stadium.
Controversial: The decision to hand the Gulf state the games continued to attract derision
Qatar promised FIFA that its 12 World Cup stadiums could be regulated at around 26 degrees.
Now, Barrow says spectators could be kept comfortable at 30 degrees (86 Fahrenheit) with low humidity during evening matches.
'It doesn't need to be 26 degrees. Fan expectation needs to be a little more relaxed,' he said.
Seating areas also need to be kept in shade during searing daytime temperatures, instead of allowing stadiums to 'suck in' heat that is retained after dark.
'Suddenly you are sitting on a radiator. It is totally counter productive,' Barrow said. 'The objective for me is to keep the (stadium) bowl sun-screened during the day, with natural ventilation and also encouraging a vortex by using all kinds of clever tricks.'
Air we go: The plan to make the stadia air-conditioned is pointless, with it being claimed cheaper, old fashioned methods would work just as well
Ghana forward Asamoah Gyan, who has played for United Arab Emirates club Al Ain since September, predicted that the 'climate for the World Cup is going to be really, really difficult.
Gyan said: 'They are putting air conditioning in the stadiums and I think maybe it can help the football there because without that I don't think people can survive because it's really, really hot.
However, Barrow compared the Doha climate with Houston, Texas, where Populous has built air-conditioned stadiums for baseball and American football.
'But it is an immensely expensive thing to do,' he cautioned.
Barrow said Populous is 'actively engaged' in conversations with the Qatari government about its World Cup strategy.
He added: 'They are strongly of the opinion that they need to build now so that they can demonstrate their commitment, but in fact they have got loads of time. There is still a long way until 2022.'
Read more: here
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